Y9 Individuals & Societies - Migration
Postcards from the Post: A, B; Essay: C, D
Find out how migrants have been treated past and present, what the major patterns of movement have been and what migrant rights are.
Explore the push-pull factors behind migration
the difference between labels and their impacts
how media representations impact perspectives
how migrants have been included over time and place.
Take action by exploring perspectives and increasing awareness of migrant issues past and present.
Choose from ONE of the following patterns of movement from the past under Migration Resources.
Fiction suggestion
The Night Diary by Veera Hiranandani
Call #: HIS HIRAN
Shy twelve-year-old Nisha, forced to flee her home with her Hindu family during the 1947 partition of India, tries to find her voice and make sense of the world falling apart around her by writing to her deceased Muslim mother in the pages of her diary.
Non-Fiction sources
The 1947 Partition Archive: Survivors and their Memories
Faith, fury and fear: The story behind one of history’s greatest mass migrations
Why the Partition of India and Pakistan still casts a long shadow over the region
THE PARTITION OF INDIA: DEMOGRAPHIC CONSEQUENCES
How the Partition of India happened – and why its effects are still felt today
TALBOT, Ian. “LEGACIES OF THE PARTITION FOR INDIA AND PAKISTAN.” Politeja, no. 59, 2019, pp. 7–25. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/26916350. Accessed 30 Sep. 2022.
India partition: the Red Cross response to the refugee crisis
Hasan, Mushirul. "Partition: the human cost." History Today, vol. 47, no. 9, Sept. 1997, pp. 47+. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A19751462/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=f1bc8174. Accessed 2 Oct. 2022.
From Pakistan to India: Tracing my grandmother’s refugee journey
Why was India split into two countries? - Haimanti Roy
Independence and Partition, 1947
India’s Partition: A History in Photos -
Warning: The following pictures may be disturbing to some viewers. Viewer discretion is advised.
Partitioned Lives: Migrants, Refugees, Citizens in India and Pakistan, 1947-65
70 years later, survivors recall the horrors of India-Pakistan partition
A Demographic Case Study of Forced Migration: The 1947 Partition of India
Print Book
The partition of India [Text]. (Series: Flashpoints) Call #: 954.03 KAN
Non-fiction sources
Stories of the Great Migration
Philadelphians Reflect On City's Racial Legacy
One Family’s Story of the Great Migration North
Great Migration: Finding Pictures
"African American Population: The Great Migration North." UXL Multicultural: A Comprehensive Resource on African Americans, Hispanic Americans and Native North Americans, UXL, 2003. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/EJ2107200220/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=5dd78a35. Accessed 6 Oct. 2022.
"Great Migration, 1910–1970." Gale In Context Online Collection, Gale, 2022. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/BUYLOV238215966/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=343403dd. Accessed 3 Oct. 2022.
Arnesen, Eric. "Black Metropolis: the great migration." Cobblestone, vol. 38, no. 1, Jan. 2017, pp. 30+. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A478639824/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=f85c75dc. Accessed 3 Oct. 2022.
Wilkerson, Isabel. "The road to freedom." Smithsonian, vol. 47, no. 5, Sept. 2016, pp. 38+. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A463754722/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=beca5873. Accessed 3 Oct. 2022.
Elder, Robert K. "The great migration: a hundred years ago, blacks in the South began trekking north in search of a better life, changing America in ways still felt today." New York Times Upfront, vol. 149, no. 4, 31 Oct. 2016, pp. 16+. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A470867974/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=fad1ee85. Accessed 3 Oct. 2022.
Great Migration - Primary Sources
The Long-Lasting Legacy of the Great Migration
America's Great Migrations Project
Tolnay, Stewart E. “The African American ‘Great Migration’ and Beyond.” Annual Review of Sociology, vol. 29, 2003, pp. 209–32. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/30036966. Accessed 5 Oct. 2022.
Marks, Carole. “Black Workers and the Great Migration North.” Phylon (1960-), vol. 46, no. 2, 1985, pp. 148–61. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/274413. Accessed 5 Oct. 2022.
The African-American Migration Story
World War I and the Great Migration
DuSable to Obama | Early Chicago | The Great Migration
Audio
"The Great Migration: Journey That Reshaped America." Weekend All Things Considered, 2 Oct. 2010. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A238504281/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=5f2859dc. Accessed 3 Oct. 2022.
Print books
The warmth of other suns : the epic story of America's great migration
Isabel Wilkerson. Call #: 304.8 WIL
Listen to Isabel Wilkerson discuss her book here.
A nation under our feet : Black political struggles in the rural South, from slavery to the great migration [Text].
Call #: 975 HAH
Non-fiction sources
"Indo-Fijians." Junior Worldmark Encyclopedia of World Cultures, edited by Timothy L. Gall and Susan Bevan Gall, 2nd ed., vol. 3, UXL, 2012, pp. 184-188. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX1931400171/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=c339598e. Accessed 4 Oct. 2022.
Indian Emigration Passes to Fiji, 1879-1916
Is Fiji’s ‘Little India’ facing extinction?
Banished and excluded: the Girmit of Fiji
D’Souza, Eugene J. “INDIAN INDENTURED LABOUR IN FIJI.” Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, vol. 61, 2000, pp. 1071–80. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/44144422. Accessed 5 Oct. 2022.
Tracing The Roots Of The Indo-Fijian Community Through Indentured Routes
The Agreement and the Girmitiya
‘Not slaves but no better off’ — why govt wants ‘girmitiya’ labourers’ story taught in schools
Documenting the Lives of Girmitiyas and Their Memory-Keepers
“100-Year-Old Girmitiya Looks Back on Life.” Fiji Times, June 2009, p. 7. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=44a11016-329b-3391-826d-1b1731c4662e.
“Children of Girmit Remember the Life.” Fiji Times, May 2009, p. 3. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=67d7e543-069d-3b75-b416-448de10d0ccc.
“Disappearing People.” Courier Mail, The (Brisbane), Dec. 2001. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=9a5982aa-cabe-3f8d-a390-597ce07d43b5.
Audio
Podcast | Girmitiya: A Saga of Indian Indentured Labourers in Fiji
Fiction suggestion
Walk on Earth a stranger
Rae Carson. Call #: HIS CARSO
Lee Westfall, a young woman with the magical ability to sense the presence of gold, must flee her home to avoid people who would abuse her powers, so when her best friend Jefferson heads out across Gold Rush-era America to stake his claim, she disguises herself as a boy and sets out on her own dangerous journey.
Non fiction sources
California
Benson, Sonia, et al. "California Gold Rush." UXL Encyclopedia of U.S. History, vol. 2, UXL, 2009, pp. 227-231. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3048900097/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=2161b279. Accessed 5 Oct. 2022.
Jackson, W.Turrentine, and Judith Boyce DeMark. “California Gold Rush.” Salem Press Encyclopedia, July 2021. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=ef68910f-07c5-3505-8606-6c795506eaa3.
Robert Grayson. California’s Gold Rush. Essential Library, 2012. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=d59d1dec-f029-35ab-a0c7-8d184af22543.
McDowell, Andrea. “Good as Gold.” History Today, vol. 72, no. 9, Sept. 2022, pp. 38–53. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=c93feefb-20f0-38f7-bddc-7e10ed48a207.
Greene, Meg. “A `most Exotic Nationality.’.” Cobblestone, vol. 18, no. 9, Dec. 1997, p. 16. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=cb40d995-403f-3295-9bdd-69ee8bf4973c.
"California Gold Rush." Gale Middle School Online Collection, Gale, 2021. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/UCXOYK812863898/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=f4b3039c. Accessed 5 Oct. 2022.
"San Francisco and the Gold Rush." Gale Middle School Online Collection, Gale, 2017. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/SUVGTM853734730/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=b5911736. Accessed 5 Oct. 2022.
"Documenting The History Of African-Americans In The California Gold Rush." Weekend All Things Considered, 17 Sept. 2016. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A463977808/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=e6841dda. Accessed 5 Oct. 2022.
Boggs, Johnny D. "Rohrbough puts French twist on the California Gold Rush: did Frenchmen really flock west in search of riches? Bien sur." Wild West, vol. 26, no. 5, Feb. 2014, p. 14. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A350793177/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=3e9b0e2a. Accessed 5 Oct. 2022.
Elder, Robert K. "The California gold rush: the discovery of gold 165 years ago spurred migration to the West and transformed America in ways still evident today." New York Times Upfront, vol. 145, no. 9, 28 Jan. 2013, pp. 16+. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A316663423/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=0743e8e6. Accessed 5 Oct. 2022.
Peterson, Richard H. "Gold! The rush for California riches." Wild West, vol. 10, no. 4, Dec. 1997, pp. 50+. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A19988185/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=860965f1. Accessed 5 Oct. 2022.
Klondike
McGill, Sara Ann. “Klondike Gold Rush.” Klondike Gold Rush, Aug. 2017, pp. 1–2. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=4ecbb0e0-afa7-344b-8f22-66e62839cab4.
Coppock, Mike. “The Weight of Gold.” American History, vol. 54, no. 4, Oct. 2019, pp. 32–39. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=0b41d81c-2267-3440-84ce-b6706a15e25b.
Gray, Charlotte. “Reconsidering the Gold Rush.” Canada’s History, vol. 101, no. 4, Aug. 2021, pp. 20–27. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=a42d47bc-ea01-39d0-acbf-bc76f7c0871d.
Australia
Feb 12, 1851 CE: Australian Gold Rush Begins
Twomey, Christina. “`Without Natural Protectors’: Responses to Wife Desertion in Gold-Rush Victoria.” Australian Historical Studies, vol. 28, no. 108, Apr. 1997, p. 22. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=be46859f-e16a-33d5-b24e-c9cf4927d101.
Chinese Exclusion Act
"The Chinese Exclusion Act, limiting Chinese immigration, was passed in 1882." Read to Know, vol. 71, no. 32, 2 May 2022, p. NA. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A703377802/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=5ecbd7f9. Accessed 7 Oct. 2022.
Congress, U.S. "Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882 (1882)." The Immigrant Experience, Primary Source Media, 1999. American Journey. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/EJ2154000105/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=46f3a682. Accessed 7 Oct. 2022.
Baer, James A. “Chinese Exclusion Act.” Salem Press Encyclopedia, May 2022. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=7fd5726f-7fe3-3f7b-94bf-1ece84e86eef.
McGrath, Roger D. “The Chinese Exclusion Act.” Chronicles: A Magazine of American Culture, vol. 44, no. 7, July 2020, pp. 44–45. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=70afcb23-10f0-39d0-b362-94e058429284.
Danver, Steven L. “An Act to Repeal the Chinese Exclusion Acts.” Defining Documents: World War II, July 2015, pp. 181–84. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=3b8ce14e-e26a-367e-aa12-da8b0cf0b629.
Auerbach, Michael P. “ASIAN AMERICAN AFFAIRS: Chinese Exclusion Act.” Defining Documents: The American West (1836-1900), Dec. 2014, pp. 188–93. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=f9bb758e-db8c-3151-8eda-c029ed32d60a.
Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) - National Archive
Chinese Exclusion Act - History
Chinese Exclusion Act - Washington State Historical Society
The Chinese head tax and the Chinese Exclusion Act
As Chinese Exclusion Act Turns 135, Experts Point To Parallels Today
Chinese American Museum - Life Before Exclusion
Fiction suggestion
Shanghai escape by Kathy Kacer.
Call #: HIS KACER
In 1938 Lily Toufar, a young Jewish girl, escapes to Shanghai to escape the Nazi party and finds a new set of challenges.
Someday we will fly by Rachel DeWoskin.
Call #: HIS DEWOS
Lillia, fifteen, flees Warsaw with her father and baby sister in 1940 to try to make a new start in Shanghai, China, but the conflict grows more intense as America and Japan become involved.
Non fiction sources
Hong Kong
ANU Museum - Jews in Hong Kong
Hong Kong as Entrepot: Jewish, British, and Chinese Refugees in Hong Kong (1937-1947)
JEWISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF HONG KONG
Video
The Jews in Shanghai and Hong Kong - A History I 在上海和香港的猶太人
Shanghai
The Chronology of the Jews of Shanghai from 1832 to the Present Day
How China saved more than 20,000 Jews during WW2
Video
An Unlikely Refuge: Surviving the Holocaust in Shanghai
Jews in Shanghai: A Home Away from Home
Shanghais Jews: Art, Architecture and Survival
【早城市】犹太难民后裔 在上海的传奇人生 | A Descendant of Jewish Refugees and Her Extraordinary Life in Shanghai
When the World Was Closed: Shanghai and the Refugee Jews of WWII
SURVIVAL IN SHANGHAI EP1: Escape to Shanghai
GERMAN AND AUSTRIAN JEWISH REFUGEES IN SHANGHAI
Shanghai's Forgotten Jewish Past
Non fiction sources
One Chechen man’s quest for a real education
Chechen Refugees - Berkeley Law
CHECHEN AND INGUSH COMMUNITIES IN CENTRAL ASIA: TROUBLED PAST, UNCERTAIN FUTURE?
Remembering the 1944 Deportation: Chechnya’s Holocaust
THE MASSIVE DEPORTATION OF THE CHECHEN PEOPLE: HOW AND WHY CHECHENS WERE DEPORTED
Greetings from Grozny: Explore Chechnya's Turbulent Past: 1944: Deportation
'There Was No Water, No Food' -- Chechens Remember Horror Of 1944 Deportations
The Chechens and Kurds of Kazakhstan between Historical and Second Homelands
Non fiction sources
Burkina Faso: Testing the Tradition of Circular Migration
Burkina Faso study shows link between land degradation and migration
New Patterns of Migration in West Africa
De Longueville, Florence, et al. “Direct and Indirect Impacts of Environmental Factors on Migration in Burkina Faso: Application of Structural Equation Modelling.” Population & Environment, vol. 40, no. 4, June 2019, pp. 456–79. EBSCOhost, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-019-00320-x.
Gervais, Raymond R. “From Crisis to National Identity: Migration in Mutation, Burkina Faso, 1930-1960.” International Journal of African Historical Studies, vol. 33, no. 1, Feb. 2000, p. 59. EBSCOhost, https://doi.org/10.2307/220258.
Henry, Sabine, et al. “Descriptive Analysis of the Individual Migratory Pathways According to Environmental Typologies.” Population & Environment, vol. 25, no. 5, May 2004, pp. 397–422. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=38adebb2-c371-3092-a438-8a363c0bfd4c.
Henry, Sabine, et al. “The Impact of Rainfall on the First Out-Migration: A Multi-Level Event-History Analysis in Burkina Faso.” Population & Environment, vol. 25, no. 5, May 2004, pp. 423–60. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=59e42c77-f76d-35b5-83b2-eee7ea9ea785.
Non fiction sources
To the USA
Benson, Sonia, et al. "Italian and Greek Immigration." UXL Encyclopedia of U.S. History, vol. 4, UXL, 2009, pp. 800-803. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3048900318/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=4b9f55fa. Accessed 6 Oct. 2022.
Pozzetta, George. "Italian Americans." Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America, edited by Thomas Riggs, 3rd ed., vol. 2, Gale, 2014, pp. 505-522. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3273300100/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=3223de16. Accessed 6 Oct. 2022.
Rudolph, Laura C. "Sicilian Americans." Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America, edited by Thomas Riggs, 3rd ed., vol. 4, Gale, 2014, pp. 151-163. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3273300161/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=8a401be4. Accessed 6 Oct. 2022.
Commission on Immigration and Naturalization. "Immigration and the American Economy (1953)." The Immigrant Experience, Primary Source Media, 1999. American Journey. Gale In Context: Middle School, link.gale.com/apps/doc/EJ2154000120/MSIC?u=hkchis&sid=bookmark-MSIC&xid=1a31f75c. Accessed 6 Oct. 2022.
Italian Immigration to America and Boston’s North End
From Italy to Boston 's North End: Italian Immigration and Settlement, 1890-1910
From Emigration to Asylum Destination, Italy Navigates Shifting Migration Tides
What Sets Italian Americans Off From Other Immigrants?
To Argentina
Italian Immigration to Argentina 1880-1914: Assimilation or Rejection of Argentine Society?
To Canada
Non fiction sources
“We Wanted to Come to Canada”: Pier 21 and the Arrival of Polish Orphans
Demographic Profile of the Polish Community in Canada
200 years of immigration of Poles to Manitoba
The Journey Over: An Oral History of Polish Immigration to America in the Early Twentieth Century
Polandís migration: growing diversity of flows and people
Adam Laboda--Polish Textile Worker
Immigration History from Poland to Victoria
Tracking Down Polish Ancestors
Prymak, Thomas M. “Recent Scholarship on Polyethnic Emigration from the Republic of Poland to Canada between the Wars.” Canadian Ethnic Studies, vol. 23, no. 1, Feb. 1991, p. 58. EBSCOhost, discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=fda9f52a-15c0-31c5-bb5e-28ef96e38729.
